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Cable Health Monitor

Original Research on Submarine Cable Routing

In-depth analysis of how internet traffic moves through 716 submarine cable systems, based on real measurements from our probes worldwide.

Learn how it works

FRESH FINDING · 20 h ago
Forest Fire in Indonesia Disrupts Submarine Cables, Echo and INDIGO-West Affected
Read the analysis with live chart →
Cable in focus 🌋 in the event zone
11,600 km · 1 countries
Indonesia
now: running normally
Singapore → Pantai Mutiara 12 ms (vs baseline 12 ms)
Corridors · now vs baseline
Sydney → Pantai Mutiara 177 ms (baseline 171)
Sao Paulo → Pantai Mutiara 355 ms (baseline 354)
Singapore → Pantai Mutiara 12 ms (baseline 12)
faster100%slower
Open dossier →
Network latency index
For every monitored route the index compares its current round-trip time with that route's own 7-day norm. 100 = traffic moves at its usual speed, 108 = routes run about 8% slower than usual. Every cable weighs the same (now 312 cables, 6,923 routes). Updated hourly. Zones apply the same calculation to the cables serving a region or passing a chokepoint.
104 steady
faster100slower
⚙ Network load now
+10.2% above night floor
usual peak: 02:00 UTC · +10.8%
100 104 01.09 21:00 · 10001.09 22:00 · 9901.09 23:00 · 9902.09 00:00 · 9902.09 01:00 · 10002.09 02:00 · 9902.09 03:00 · 10002.09 04:00 · 9902.09 05:00 · 9902.09 06:00 · 10002.09 07:00 · 10002.09 08:00 · 10002.09 09:00 · 10002.09 10:00 · 10002.09 11:00 · 10002.09 12:00 · 10002.09 13:00 · 10002.09 14:00 · 10002.09 15:00 · 10002.09 16:00 · 10002.09 17:00 · 10002.09 18:00 · 10002.09 19:00 · 10002.09 20:00 · 10002.09 21:00 · 10002.09 22:00 · 10002.09 23:00 · 10003.09 00:00 · 10003.09 01:00 · 10003.09 02:00 · 10003.09 03:00 · 10003.09 04:00 · 10003.09 05:00 · 10003.09 06:00 · 10003.09 07:00 · 10003.09 08:00 · 10003.09 09:00 · 10003.09 10:00 · 10103.09 11:00 · 10103.09 12:00 · 10103.09 13:00 · 10003.09 14:00 · 10003.09 15:00 · 10103.09 16:00 · 10103.09 17:00 · 10103.09 18:00 · 10103.09 19:00 · 10103.09 20:00 · 10103.09 21:00 · 10103.09 22:00 · 10103.09 23:00 · 10104.09 00:00 · 10104.09 01:00 · 10104.09 02:00 · 10104.09 03:00 · 10104.09 04:00 · 10104.09 05:00 · 10104.09 06:00 · 10104.09 07:00 · 10104.09 08:00 · 10104.09 09:00 · 10104.09 10:00 · 10104.09 11:00 · 10104.09 12:00 · 10104.09 13:00 · 10104.09 14:00 · 10104.09 15:00 · 10104.09 16:00 · 10204.09 17:00 · 10204.09 18:00 · 10204.09 19:00 · 10204.09 20:00 · 10204.09 21:00 · 10104.09 22:00 · 10104.09 23:00 · 10205.09 00:00 · 10205.09 01:00 · 10205.09 02:00 · 10205.09 03:00 · 10205.09 04:00 · 10205.09 05:00 · 10205.09 06:00 · 10205.09 07:00 · 10205.09 08:00 · 10205.09 09:00 · 10205.09 10:00 · 10305.09 11:00 · 10305.09 12:00 · 10305.09 13:00 · 10305.09 14:00 · 10305.09 15:00 · 10305.09 16:00 · 10405.09 17:00 · 10405.09 18:00 · 10405.09 19:00 · 10405.09 20:00 · 10405.09 21:00 · 10405.09 22:00 · 10405.09 23:00 · 10406.09 00:00 · 10406.09 01:00 · 10406.09 02:00 · 10406.09 03:00 · 10406.09 04:00 · 10406.09 05:00 · 10406.09 06:00 · 10406.09 07:00 · 10406.09 08:00 · 10406.09 09:00 · 10406.09 10:00 · 10406.09 11:00 · 10406.09 12:00 · 10406.09 13:00 · 10406.09 14:00 · 10406.09 15:00 · 10406.09 16:00 · 10406.09 17:00 · 10406.09 18:00 · 10406.09 19:00 · 10406.09 20:00 · 10406.09 21:00 · 10406.09 22:00 · 10406.09 23:00 · 10407.09 00:00 · 10407.09 01:00 · 10407.09 02:00 · 10407.09 03:00 · 10407.09 04:00 · 10407.09 05:00 · 10407.09 06:00 · 10407.09 07:00 · 10407.09 08:00 · 10407.09 09:00 · 10407.09 10:00 · 10407.09 11:00 · 10407.09 12:00 · 10407.09 13:00 · 10407.09 14:00 · 10407.09 15:00 · 10407.09 16:00 · 10407.09 17:00 · 10407.09 18:00 · 10407.09 19:00 · 10407.09 20:00 · 10407.09 21:00 · 10407.09 22:00 · 10407.09 23:00 · 10408.09 00:00 · 10408.09 01:00 · 10408.09 02:00 · 10408.09 03:00 · 10408.09 04:00 · 10408.09 05:00 · 10408.09 06:00 · 10408.09 07:00 · 10408.09 08:00 · 10408.09 09:00 · 10508.09 10:00 · 10508.09 11:00 · 10408.09 12:00 · 10408.09 13:00 · 10408.09 14:00 · 10408.09 15:00 · 10408.09 16:00 · 10408.09 17:00 · 10408.09 18:00 · 10408.09 19:00 · 10408.09 20:00 · 104
02.0903.0904.0905.0906.0907.0908.09 now
7 days, hourly
+4% slower than usual · measured across 6,923 corridors
2,193 checks today · last: Cape Town → N'zeto 37 ms, 23 min ago
● Network stable · event watch
earthquake
Indonesia
M5.3event force
VS
network heldPalapa Ring East +4%

M5.3 earthquake · 51 km NNE of Ruteng, Indonesia

13h ago
M 5.3magnitude 8.16°S · 120.60°Eepicenter Sape-Labuan Bajo-Ende-Kupang · 84 kmnearest cable

On September 8, 2026, a magnitude 5.3 earthquake occurred 51 km north-northeast of Ruteng, Indonesia. The event impacted an area with a significant population, prompting monitoring and response efforts. While the duration and specific effects on local infrastructure are not detailed, the region's preparedness and resilience are key to managing such seismic activity.

The submarine cable infrastructure near the event demonstrated robust performance. Systems such as the Indonesia Tengah Cable Systems (landing at Labuhan Bajo, 87 km from the epicenter) and the Palapa Ring East (landing at Waingapu, 169 km from the epicenter) maintained their typical latency values of approximately 268 ms and 296 ms, respectively. These cables, along with others in the region, connect critical points across Indonesia and beyond, ensuring uninterrupted communication. Across the 713 submarine cable systems monitored globally, 2685 latency checks in the past 24 hours confirmed the stability of these vital corridors.

Monitoring of these submarine cable systems continues in real time, ensuring that any changes in performance are promptly observed. This active oversight supports the resilience and reliability of global communications infrastructure, even in the face of natural events.

See it on the live map →
Explore the map →
700+ submarine cables, landing points & routes
Watch it live →
Real-time latency, outages & network pulse
Read research →
Deep dives into cables, incidents & geography
Earlier on the networkFull chronicle →
17h M5.1 earthquake · 92 km ESE of Isangel, Vanuatu 20h M4.5 earthquake · 129 km ENE of Taltal, Chile Sep 7 M5.3 earthquake · off the coast of Oregon Sep 6 M4.5 earthquake · 98 km ENE of Donggang, Taiwan Sep 6 M4.6 earthquake · 105 km NNW of Pante Makasar, Timor Leste
● Daily digest

Today on the network

September 8, 2026
2,638checks · 24h
662cables watched
0anomalies
7active alerts
12probes online

On September 8, 2026, GeoCables monitored 2638 latency/route checks across 662 submarine cables with no anomalies detected. While the network remained stable overall, there were 7 active alerts, indicating some notable fluctuations in performance that require attention.

The per-cable signals today included several warning alerts: the Australia-Singapore Cable (ASC) showed a significant increase of +126% RTT, while INDIGO-West and Bosun each experienced increases of +161% and +125% respectively. Additionally, Palapa Ring West saw a substantial rise to +376% RTT. These changes are being closely monitored but do not indicate any major incidents; rather, they reflect normal network jitter and require further investigation.

Australia-Singapore Cable (ASC)alert: critical · monitoring (+126% RTT) INDIGO-Westalert: warning · monitoring (+161% RTT) Bosunalert: warning · monitoring (+125% RTT) Asia Connect Cable-1 (ACC-1)alert: warning · monitoring (+169% RTT) JaKa2LaDeMaalert: warning · monitoring (+116% RTT) Palapa Ring Westalert: warning · monitoring (+376% RTT) Apricot▼ 95.6ms today vs 264.3ms 7d-avg (▼64%) UGARIT 2▲ 136ms today vs 6.5ms 7d-avg (▲1992%) Project Waterworth▼ 232.6ms today vs 303.3ms 7d-avg (▼23%)

Latest Research

View all research →
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Forest Fire in Indonesia Disrupts Submarine Cables, Echo and INDIGO-West Affected

The forest fire in Indonesia caused anomalies in the operation of the Echo and INDIGO-West submarine cables. Analysis of data and possible consequences.

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Why data from Almaty to Candikusuma travels through Moscow

Learn how infrastructure and economics affect internet traffic routes between Kazakhstan and Indonesia.

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Forest Fire in Indonesia Disrupts Submarine Cables, Impacting Southeast Asia Connectivity

A forest fire in Indonesia caused anomalies on the submarine cables INDIGO-West, MViSTA, and Echo. Analysis of delays and possible consequences for internet traffic.

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How Geography and Regime Affect Internet in Guinea

Analysis of Guinea's internet connectivity via submarine cables: risks of isolation, role of regime, impact of conflicts and GeoCables monitoring.

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Major Forest Fire in Indonesia Causes Anomalies in INDIGO-West Submarine Cable

A forest fire in Indonesia caused anomalies on submarine cables, including INDIGO-West. Details and monitoring data.

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Global Internet Routes: Why Your Data Takes the Long Way

Exploring how internet traffic from Australia to Malaysia routes through Japan and other locations.

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Indonesia Forest Fire Causes Anomalies in Submarine Cable Operations, GeoCables Confirms

A forest fire in Indonesia caused anomalies on the submarine cables BDM, MIST, IAX, and I-2SEA. Analysis of data and possible consequences.

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Magnitude 6.3 Earthquake Near Nikolski; AU-Aleutian Cable Remains Fully Operational

Magnitude 6.3 earthquake near Nikolski, Alaska, tested the resilience of the AU-Aleutian submarine cable. Infrastructure continues to operate normally.

Distance Calculator

Resolving locations & calculating...

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Cable Route
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Est. Latency
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fiber ≈ 200k km/s
Route Type
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📋 Connection Details

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Coordinates A-
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Cable Multiplier-
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⚠️ Calculated distances may differ from actual cable routes by 5-15% due to seabed terrain, cable landing infrastructure, and network peering points.
716
Submarine Cables
1,941+
Landing Points
356,407
Health Checks
< 1s
Route Calculation
Features
Network infrastructure made visible
Three layers of analysis - from theoretical cable distances to real-world packet measurements.

Smart Cable Routing

Dijkstra-based routing through real submarine cables and landing points from TeleGeography data. Accurate distance multipliers for land and undersea segments.

Submarine Cable Map

Interactive map showing every cable your data touches - backbone nodes, landing stations, and submarine segments with real geographic coordinates.

RIPE Atlas Verification

Launch real network measurements from probes worldwide. Compare theoretical estimates with actual RTT and hop-by-hop packet journeys with ISP geolocation.

Latency Estimation

Speed-of-light physics combined with cable distance to estimate latency. See the real-world overhead - how much slower actual routing is vs fiber limits.

IP & Domain Resolution

Enter cities, IP addresses, or domain names - everything is resolved to coordinates with hosting location identification and optimal cable route.

Packet Journey Analysis

Traceroute hops enriched with city, country, ISP. Phases auto-detected: local → ISP → CDN → backbone → submarine cable. Visual RTT timelines.

How It Works
From two points to a complete picture
Three-step analysis reveals the hidden infrastructure connecting any two locations.
1

Enter any two points

City names, IP addresses, or domains. The system resolves coordinates, identifies countries, and determines whether the route crosses oceans.

2

Smart Route calculates the path

A graph algorithm finds the optimal route through landing points and submarine cables with accurate distance multipliers for each segment type.

3

Verify with live measurements

One click launches RIPE Atlas probes for real ping and traceroute. See actual RTT, identify every router, and find where your packet enters submarine cables.

Use Cases
Built for engineers. Useful for everyone.

Network Engineers

Validate routing assumptions, estimate latency budgets, troubleshoot unexpected paths.

Gaming & Low-Latency

Understand your ping. Compare the physical speed limit vs reality for any server.

CDN & Cloud Planning

Choose optimal PoP locations based on submarine cable topology and landing proximity.

Education & Research

Teach how the physical internet works. Visualize the gap between light speed and real routing.

Submarine Cable Facts
The hidden backbone of the internet
Everything you see online travels through a global network of undersea fiber optic cables. Here's what makes it work.
1.4 million km

Total Cable Length

Over 500 submarine cable systems span the world's oceans, with a combined length of approximately 1.4 million kilometers - enough to circle the Earth 35 times.

99%

Intercontinental Data Share

Submarine cables carry over 99% of intercontinental data traffic. Despite what many people think, satellites handle only a tiny fraction of global internet traffic.

200,000 km/s

Speed of Light in Fiber

Light travels through fiber optic cable at about two-thirds the speed of light in vacuum. A signal from London to New York takes approximately 28 milliseconds one way.

25 years

Cable Lifespan

Modern submarine cables are designed to last 25 years. Cables are buried in the seabed near shores and laid directly on the ocean floor in deep water, protected by layers of steel and polyethylene.

~8,000m

Deepest Cable Depth

The deepest submarine cables reach the abyssal plains at nearly 8,000 meters. At these depths, cables rest on the ocean floor under enormous pressure, beyond the reach of anchors and fishing gear.

~$1B+

Cost Per Major Cable

Major transoceanic cable projects like 2Africa or PEACE cost over $1 billion. Investment comes from tech giants like Google, Meta, and Microsoft, as well as telecom consortiums.

ℹ️ About GeoCables - Original Research on Submarine Cable Routing

How Internet Traffic Routes Through Submarine Cables

GeoCables is a research publication on the physical infrastructure of the global internet. We publish in-depth analyses of how data actually travels between countries - which submarine cables are used, what the measured latency is, and why it differs from the theoretical minimum.

Our research is grounded in real measurements from our own distributed network of measurement servers. We trace specific routes across 716 submarine cable systems and 1,900+ landing points cataloged by TeleGeography, then publish what we find.

Theory vs Reality: Why Measured Latency Matters

Light through fiber travels at ~200,000 km/s - about two-thirds the speed of light in vacuum. That sets the theoretical floor for round-trip time. In practice, real RTT is 1.5-4× higher due to routing detours, optical amplifiers, protocol processing, peering between networks, and suboptimal path selection. Our research articles document this overhead on specific routes - measuring it, explaining it, and tracing it back to the cables and networks responsible.

Live Cable Monitoring

Real-time health checks from GeoCables measurement servers. Full dashboard →
716
Cables Monitored
2,193
Checks Today
234ms
Avg RTT (24h)
356,407
Total Checks
🔴 SMPCS Packet-1 288ms 211-900ms 🔴 Australia-Singapore Cable (ASC) 347ms 47-570ms 🔴 JaKa2LaDeMa 306ms 124-433ms 🔴 INDIGO-West 331ms 47-522ms 🔴 Palapa Ring East 297ms 124-625ms 🔴 Palapa Ring West 255ms 96-667ms 🔴 Link 5 Phase-2 268ms 113-431ms 🔴 Apricot 312ms 227-575ms 🔴 South Atlantic Cable System (SACS) 124ms 45-632ms 🔴 Djibouti Africa Regional Express 1 (DARE 1) 262ms 68-754ms 🔴 Bosun 283ms 107-518ms 🔴 2Africa 228ms 154-363ms 🔴 Link 4 Phase-2 276ms 107-467ms 🔴 JaSuKa 274ms 104-414ms 🔴 Lake Tanganyika 286ms 80-752ms 🔴 Tanjung Pandan-Sungai Kakap 281ms 107-745ms 🔴 Link 3 Phase-2 275ms 104-406ms 🔴 Jakarta-Bangka-Batam-Singapore (B2JS) 252ms 16-413ms 🔴 SJJK 292ms 117-433ms 🔴 Jakarta-Bangka-Bintan-Batam-Singapore (B3JS) 251ms 17-367ms 🔴 JAKABARE 145ms 14-656ms 🔴 Jakarta Surabaya Cable System (JAYABAYA) 293ms 117-430ms 🔴 ION Cable System-1 (ICS1) 285ms 104-651ms 🟡 Proa 52ms 48-136ms 🔴 SAT-3/WASC 153ms 72-324ms 🔴 Asia Connect Cable-1 (ACC-1) 276ms 96-348ms 🔴 Tata TGN-Gulf 278ms 11-570ms 🔴 Unitel North Submarine Cable (UNSC) 231ms 37-496ms 🔴 Hawaiki Nui 1 246ms 0-451ms 🔴 West Africa Cable System (WACS) 236ms 154-701ms
🏆 Cable of the Day
SMPCS Packet-1
Slowest route today: 🔴 900ms from Tbilisi to Kendari.
⚡ 3.7x above baseline · 16 hops
SMPCS Packet-1: A regional submarine cable in eastern Indonesia The SMPCS Packet-1 submarine cable, owned by Telkom Indonesia, spans 3,156 kilometers...
🚨 Anomaly Detected
Apricot
Latency to Minamiboso hit 484ms - 5.1x above baseline (96ms).
📝 Recently Updated: Cable & Landing Point Dossiers
St. Florent, France Finland-Estonia 3 (EESF-3) · 104 km Carnival Submarine Network-1 (CSN-1) · 4,670 km Japan Information Highway (JIH) · 5,150 km Arctic Way · 2,568 km Domestic Submarine Cable of Maldives (DSCoM) · 286 km Yuzhno Kurilsk, Russia Schooner Bight, Colombia Pascagoula, MS, United States Tuckerton, NJ, United States Hawaiki Nui 1 · 10,000 km Unitel North Submarine Cable (UNSC) · 1,145 km

Recent Cable Checks

Unitel North Submarine Cable (UNSC) Cape Town → N'zeto 37ms
South Atlantic Cable System (SACS) Cape Town → Fortaleza 97ms
2Africa Sydney → Accra 363ms
SAT-3/WASC Minsk → Sesimbra 98ms
Djibouti Africa Regional Express 1 (DARE 1) Jerusalem → Dar Es Salaam 191ms
Groote Eylandt Sydney → Alyangula 31ms
Australia-Singapore Cable (ASC) Cape → Perth 523ms
West Africa Cable System (WACS) Balancer → Accra 175ms

Internet Health (IODA)

Russian Federation 170,857 prefixes NORMAL
India 155,155 prefixes NORMAL
Pakistan 21,080 prefixes NORMAL
United Arab Emirates 22,156 prefixes NORMAL

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a submarine cable?
A submarine cable is a fiber-optic cable laid on the ocean floor to carry telecommunications data between land-based stations. Over 95% of intercontinental internet traffic travels through these cables - they are the physical backbone of the global internet, far more important than satellites for bulk data transfer.
How does GeoCables monitor cable health?
GeoCables operates its own distributed network of measurement servers, including in regions poorly covered by public measurements. These servers run continuous ping and traceroute measurements to destinations near cable landing points, comparing real-time RTT (Round Trip Time) against historical baselines. When RTT exceeds 4x the baseline, the system flags an anomaly.
How accurate is the cable distance calculator?
The calculator uses real submarine cable route data from TeleGeography (695 cables, 1,900+ landing points) with a Dijkstra-based routing algorithm. Distances are estimates based on geographic cable paths - actual distances may vary by 5-15% depending on cable slack, seabed terrain, and routing decisions made during cable installation.
Why is real latency higher than the theoretical minimum?
Light travels through fiber at about 200,000 km/s - two-thirds the speed of light in vacuum. But real-world RTT is typically 1.5-4x higher than the physical minimum due to optical amplifier processing delays, routing overhead at each network hop, protocol processing, peering between different carriers, and suboptimal path selection by ISPs.
What happens when a submarine cable is cut?
When a cable is severed, internet traffic automatically reroutes through alternative paths via the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Users may experience higher latency but rarely total outages - the internet was designed to route around damage. However, repairs can take weeks to months, requiring specialized cable ships that are in short supply globally.
How many submarine cables exist in the world?
As of 2026, there are approximately 695 submarine cable systems in service or under construction worldwide, spanning over 1.5 million kilometers of ocean floor. GeoCables tracks all of them, with active health monitoring on the most critical routes.

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