Changi North, Singapore

Position in regional infrastructure

Changi North is one of Singapore's principal submarine cable landing zones, at coordinates 1.389045°N, 103.987012°E on the eastern tip of Singapore island near the Changi data centre cluster. Singapore is among the world's most concentrated submarine cable hubs — over thirty international cables land in Singapore territory, with Changi North as one of three primary landing concentrations (alongside Tuas in the west and Changi South). The location's role is both transit (Singapore as Asia-Pacific routing hub) and destination (Singapore's own data centres and digital economy).

Cables at Changi North reach the broader Asia-Pacific cable mesh: trans-Pacific systems extending to USA via Hawaii or direct landings, regional Southeast Asia systems reaching Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Hong Kong/China cluster connections. The presence of multiple Indonesian-Singapore short-haul cables here (BSCS, MIC-1, JAKABARE, RISING 8, TIS) reflects the dense cross-strait connectivity supporting Indonesian digital infrastructure dependent on Singapore for international transit.

Submarine cables landing in Changi North

Asia-America Gateway (AAG) Cable System (20,000 km, RFS 2009, 18-operator consortium) reaches Brunei, China (Hong Kong), Guam, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, USA (Hawaii and California).

EAC-C2C (36,500 km, RFS 2002, Telstra) is the largest East Asian intra-regional system, connecting China, Japan, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan with 16 landings. From Changi North it reaches both Changi South for redundancy.

Echo (17,184 km, RFS 2025, Google + Meta) is a major hyperscaler trans-Pacific cable from Changi North reaching Guam, Indonesia (Tanjung Pakis), Palau, and California (Eureka).

Candle (8,000 km, planned RFS 2028, Meta + Softbank + Telekom Malaysia + others) will connect Changi North with Indonesia (Batam), Japan (Maruyama), Malaysia (Sedili), Philippines (Baler, Nasugbu), Taiwan (Toucheng).

JAKABARE (1,330 km, RFS 2009, Indosat Ooredoo) connects Changi North with Indonesian landings (Sungai Kakap, Tanjung Bemban, Tanjung Pakis).

Tata TGN-Intra Asia (TGN-IA) (6,700 km, RFS 2009, Tata Communications) reaches China (Deep Water Bay), Philippines (Ballesteros), Vietnam (Vung Tau).

Tata TGN-Tata Indicom (3,175 km, RFS 2004, Tata Communications) connects Changi North with Chennai (India).

RISING 8 (1,104 km, planned RFS 2026, Moratelindo + Triasmitra) will connect Changi North with Indonesian landings (Tanjung Bemban, Tanjung Pakis).

Batam Singapore Cable System (BSCS) (73 km, RFS 2009, Telkom Indonesia) is a short cross-strait link to Batam (Indonesia).

Moratelindo International Cable System-1 (MIC-1) (70 km, RFS 2008, Moratelindo) is another short Batam-Singapore link.

Thailand-Indonesia-Singapore (TIS) (968 km, RFS 2003, National Telecom + Singtel + Telkom Indonesia) reaches Indonesia (Batam) and Thailand (Songkhla).

Connection topology and redundancy

Changi North's cable portfolio provides extreme redundancy for Singapore's international connectivity. Multiple paths exist to every key region: trans-Pacific via AAG, Echo, JUPITER and others; Hong Kong/China via AAG, EAC-C2C; Japan via EAC-C2C, Candle (planned); Indonesia via five different short-haul cables (BSCS, MIC-1, JAKABARE, RISING 8, TIS); India via Tata TGN-Tata Indicom. The owner mix spans hyperscalers (Google, Meta), Asian incumbents (Telstra, Tata, Telkom Indonesia, Singtel), and infrastructure consortia.

The five cross-strait Indonesia cables alone provide unusually deep redundancy for Indonesian-Singapore traffic — reflecting Indonesia's strategic dependency on Singapore for international transit. Hyperscaler-built cables (Echo from Google+Meta, Candle from Meta-led consortium) reflect the hyperscaler shift to private cable ownership for AI training data flow and CDN edge connectivity in Southeast Asia.

Geography and coordinates

The Changi North submarine cable landing sits at 1.389045°N, 103.987012°E (1°23'21"N, 103°59'13"E), on the eastern tip of Singapore island near the Changi data centre cluster. Singapore is one of the most cable-dense locations globally; Changi North is one of three Singapore landing concentrations alongside Tuas (west) and Changi South.

Frequently asked questions

What submarine cables land at Changi North, Singapore?

Many cables land at Changi North including AAG (RFS 2009), EAC-C2C (2002), Echo (2025, Google+Meta), Tata TGN-Intra Asia (2009), Tata TGN-Tata Indicom (2004), JAKABARE (2009), TIS (2003), BSCS (2009), MIC-1 (2008). Planned: Candle (2028), RISING 8 (2026).

What are the coordinates of the Changi North cable landing?

Changi North cable landing is at 1.389045°N, 103.987012°E (1°23'21"N, 103°59'13"E), on Singapore's eastern coast near the Changi data centre cluster.

Which countries connect to Singapore through Changi North?

Through cables landing at Changi North, Singapore reaches USA (Hawaii, California, Oregon), Japan, China (Hong Kong, mainland), South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (multiple landings), Brunei, and India (Chennai), plus future connections via planned cables.

When was the first submarine cable laid at Changi North?

The earliest currently-in-service Changi North landing in the GeoCables dataset is EAC-C2C, in service since 2002. TIS followed in 2003 and Tata TGN-Tata Indicom in 2004 — building Singapore's deep cross-Asia regional cable mesh through the early 2000s.

Who operates the cables landing at Changi North?

Operators include hyperscalers (Google, Meta), Asian incumbents (Telstra, Tata Communications, Telkom Indonesia, Singtel, NTT, PLDT, Telekom Malaysia), Indonesian operators (Indosat Ooredoo, Moratelindo, Triasmitra), and the multi-operator AAG consortium.